Dariush Mozaffarian, M.D., Dr.P.H., Tao Hao, M.P.H., Eric B. Rimm, Sc.D., Walter C. Willett, M.D., Dr.P.H., and Frank B. Hu, M.D., Ph.D.
N Engl J Med 2011; 364:2392-2404June 23, 2011.............
......................
Results
Within each 4-year period, participants gained an average of 3.35 lb (5th to 95th percentile, −4.1 to 12.4). On the basis of increased daily servings of individual dietary components, 4-year weight change was most strongly associated with the intake of
potato chips (1.69 lb),
potatoes (1.28 lb),
sugar-sweetened beverages (1.00 lb),
unprocessed red meats (0.95 lb), and
processed meats (0.93 lb) and was inversely associated with the intake of
vegetables (−0.22 lb),
whole grains (−0.37 lb), fruits
(−0.49 lb),
nuts (−0.57 lb), and
yogurt (−0.82 lb) (P≤0.005 for each comparison). Aggregate dietary changes were associated with substantial differences in weight change (3.93 lb across quintiles of dietary change). Other lifestyle factors were also independently associated with weight change (P<0.001), including
physical activity (−1.76 lb across quintiles);
alcohol use (0.41 lb per drink per day),
smoking (new quitters, 5.17 lb; former smokers, 0.14 lb),
sleep (more weight gain with <6 or >8 hours of sleep), and
television watching (0.31 lb per hour per day).
Conclusions
Specific dietary and lifestyle factors are independently associated with long-term weight gain, with a substantial aggregate effect and implications for strategies to prevent obesity. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others.)
Δεν είναι ορατοί οι σύνδεσμοι (links).
Εγγραφή ή
ΕίσοδοςΥποσημείωση.
Convert lb to kg - Conversion of Measurement Units: Δεν είναι ορατοί οι σύνδεσμοι (links).
Εγγραφή ή
Είσοδος